Fontlab alternatives3/22/2023 ![]() Such polymorphisms are commonly thought to reflect the existence of alternative behavioral or life-history strategies under negative frequency-dependent selection. ![]() muralis from the Pyrenees.Įxplaining the evolutionary origin and maintenance of color polymorphisms is a major challenge in evolutionary biology. We conclude that inter-morph breeding remains entirely viable and genetic incompatibilities are of little significance for the maintenance of discrete colour morphs in P. Our findings also agree with previous literature reporting higher reproductive output of heavy females and the higher overall viability of heavy newborn lizards, but we found no evidence for the existence of alternative breeding investment strategies in female morphs, or morph-combination effects on offspring viability and behaviour. In agreement with a previous genome-wide association analysis, morph frequencies in the year-old juveniles matched the frequencies expected if orange and yellow expression depended on recessive homozygosity at two separate loci. Juveniles were kept in outdoor tubs for a year in order to study inter-annual growth, survival, and morph inheritance. Here, we examined the effect of parental morph combination on fertilisation success, embryonic viability, newborn quality, antipredator and foraging behaviour, as well as inter-annual survival by conducting controlled matings in a polymorphic lacertid Podarcis muralis, where colour morphs are frequently assumed to reflect alternative phenotypic optima (e.g. Both of these mechanisms can generate differences in offspring viability and fitness arising from different morph combinations. Two of the mechanisms of balancing selection currently thought to explain the long-term persistence of polymorphisms are the evolution of alternative phenotypic optima through correlational selection on suites of traits including colour, and heterosis. Colour polymorphisms are widely studied to identify the mechanisms responsible for the origin and maintenance of phenotypic variability in nature.
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